Fig. 5: Schematic diagram of smooth muscle cell development from embryological and embryonic stem cell differentiation studies. Derivatives of cardiac mesoderm, haemagioblast, somitic mesoderm and neural crest are indicated by red, blue, purple and green arrows respectively. Dotted arrows denote speculative differentiation pathways where there is still insufficient evidence at present. (Reproduced from Cheung & Sinha. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011)